dataset
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The climatological network contains about 200 stations spread over the whole country. It consists of voluntary observers recruited by the RMI, professional observers of Skeyes (civil aviation) or the Air Force (military aviation) and civil servants of the state, communities or private companies. The observers measure the amount of rain fallen in the last 24 hours in the pluviometer of the RMI every morning at 8 o‘clock. In more than half of the stations the extreme air temperatures are also recorded by reading the maximum and minimum temperature in a standardized weather shelter. The observers send their observations either on a daily or on a monthly basis to RMI. This product is not publicly available yet.
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Summer and winter mean wind speed given in m/s. The wind speed fields are available for the present target year 1975, which corresponds to the middle of the 30-year period 1961-1990.
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Annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation amounts given in respectively mm/year, mm/3 months and mm/month. The precipitation amounts are available for the present target year 1975, which corresponds to the middle of the 30-year period 1961-1990.
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The climate projections for Belgium are available as different data types: 1/ Daily climate model simulations and projections at a high spatial resolution of 0.025° or 2.8km for 3 Regional Climate Models (download service with NetCDF files): - ALARO-0 forced with the Global Climate Model ‘CNRM-CERFACS-CNRM-CM5’, calculated by RMIB-UGent; - COSMO-CLM5.0-TERRA-URB forced with the Global Climate model ‘ICHEC-EC-EARTH’, calculated by KULeuven; - COSMO-CLM5.0 forced with the Global Climate Model ‘MPI-M-MPI-ESM-LR’, calculated by UCLouvain. 2/ Climate indicators for a present (1975) and future (2085) target year under a mean and high impact scenario (view and download service with raster files). The climate indicators for Belgium were obtained by a statistical downscaling based on the high-resolution Belgian climate model projections, as well as on a large set of both Global Climate Model runs (CMIP5) and Regional Climate Model runs for Europe (EURO-CORDEX).
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Bird density profiles are derived from weather radar volume data in real time, by the vol2bird algorithm as described in Dokter et al. (2011, 2019). The vol2bird algorithm exploits the radar reflectivity characteristics of different scatterers in the atmosphere, in order to distinguish biological from non-biological radar echoes. Once biological scatterers are isolated in the volume files, the reflectivity of these scatterers is converted in an estimate of the bird density per vertical layer of 200m, using a mean cross section of 11 cm2. The vbird profiles are provided for the following radars, with the radar owner in parentheses: Jabbeke (RMI), Wideumont (RMI), Helchteren (VMM), Zaventem (Skeyes), Herwijnen (KNMI), Den Helder (KNMI), Neuheilenbach (DWD), Essen (DWD), Abbeville (Météo-France) and Avesnois (Météo-France). References: - Dokter A.M., Liechti F., Stark H., Delobbe L., Tabary P., Holleman I., Bird migration flight altitudes studied by a network of operational weather radars, J. R. Soc. Interface, 8, 30–43, 2011, DOI 10.1098/rsif.2010.0116 - Dokter A.M., Desmet P., Spaaks J.H., van Hoey S., Veen L., Verlinden L., Nilsson C., Haase G., Leijnse H., Farnsworth A., Bouten W., Shamoun-Baranes J., bioRad: biological analysis and visualization of weather radar data, Ecography, 42, 852-860, 2019, DOI 10.1111/ecog.04028
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Summer and winter mean wind speed given in m/s. The wind speed fields are available for the future target year 2085, which corresponds to the middle of the 30-year period 2071-2100, and for mean and high impact scenarios corresponding respectively to the 50th and 95th percentiles of the change factors.
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Summer and winter maximum daily precipitation given in mm/day that occur once in a year and once in 5, 10, 15 and 30 years (i.e. return periods of 1 year and 5, 10, 15, 30 years). The precipitation extremes are available for the future target year 2085, which corresponds to the middle of the 30-year period 2071-2100, and for mean and high impact scenarios corresponding respectively to the 50th and 95th percentiles of the change factors.
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Polar volume reflectivity data from the Jabbeke weather radar. Volume data files are produced every 5 minutes from a multiple elevation scan. This product is not publicly available yet.
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The Solar Ultraviolet - Visible Irradiance Monitoring network (SUVIM) is formed of observation stations operated by the Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy (IASB-BIRA). At each station, UV solar radiation is measured by several instruments. The network produces UV indices, solar irradiances and ancillary measurements such as meteorological conditions at the stations in quasi-real time. The SUVIM Station Network dataset includes information on the stations. It does not include the measured data, which form the SUVIM Observations dataset.
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This dataset is part of the 2018 Belgian submission for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) linked to descriptor 1, criterion 2. The Raja clavata dataset describes the results of the Offshore Beam Trawl Surveys (BTS) in the Belgian part of the North Sea (BPNS) between 2010 and 2017. Occurrences of Raja Clavata, along with dates and locations, are reported. The codes used in the attached file are based on the ICES DATRAS (Database of Trawl Surveys) standard. The seabirds dataset describes the density of seabirds (N birds/km) observed in the BPNS between 1987 and 2016 (three surveys a year).